Types of Dental Surgeries

Types of Dental Surgeries

Introduction

Dental surgeries range from simple procedures such as tooth extraction to more complex operations like implant placement and jaw surgery. The aim of this article is to provide a quick overview of each type and general post-operative care tips.

Tooth Extraction

Tooth extraction is the most common surgery, performed when a tooth cannot be restored or causes pain and infection. There are two types: simple (using forceps) and surgical (requiring gum incision or bone removal). After surgery, maintaining hygiene and taking prescribed medications is essential.

Impacted Wisdom Tooth Extraction

Wisdom teeth may be impacted or partially impacted, causing pain, inflammation, or pressure on adjacent teeth. This surgery is usually more complex and may require sectioning the tooth or removing bone. Radiography or CBCT is often used to reduce risks.

Apicoectomy (Root Surgery)

When root canal treatment is insufficient, apicoectomy is performed. In this procedure, the tip of the root is removed, and the area is cleaned and repaired to preserve the tooth.

Implants and Bone Grafting

Implants replace missing teeth. If bone is insufficient, bone grafting is performed before or alongside implant placement. In the upper jaw, a sinus lift may sometimes be necessary.

Periodontal Surgeries

These surgeries treat gum diseases and restore lost tissues. Examples include flap surgery, gum grafts, and bone regeneration.

Crown Lengthening and Cosmetic Surgeries

Crown lengthening is performed to create adequate space for dental crowns or to improve the appearance of teeth. This procedure is usually simple with a short recovery period.

General Post-Operative Care

• Rest and avoid strenuous activity for 24–48 hours.
• Consume soft and cool foods during the first days.
• Avoid smoking and refrain from sucking or forceful spitting.
• Take medications as prescribed by the dentist and seek care in case of bleeding or fever.